放射性废水的去污：最新技术和面临的挑战,Chemosphere
放射性物质已广泛应用于核电站，照顾小孩13825404095生物医学工程等许多工业领域。随着核技术的日益广泛应用，越来越多的放射性废水通过不同的渠道产生，这确实构成了新的挑战和威胁。环境与人类健康。在这种情况下，本综述试图就放射性废水的净化技术水平提供一个整体的观点，并阐明未来的挑战。与其他类型废水的回收不同，放射性废水净化中最具挑战性的问题是废水中存在的可溶性放射性核素的有效稳定和固化，这对于最终处置至关重要。而且，需要仔细评估人类暴露于废水辐射的潜在风险，并且在放射性废水处理工艺的选择，设计和操作中也应考虑到这个问题。这些显然将放射性废水的处理原理与传统的工业和市政废水的处理原理区分开。最后，从技术发展，对环境和人类健康的影响以及可能的解决方案的角度来阐述挑战。这些显然将放射性废水的处理原理与传统的工业和市政废水的处理原理区分开。最后，从技术发展，对环境和人类健康的影响以及可能的解决方案的角度来阐述挑战。这些显然将放射性废水的处理原理与传统的工业和市政废水的处理原理区分开。最后，从技术发展，对环境和人类健康的影响以及可能的解决方案的角度来阐述挑战。
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Decontamination of radioactive wastewater: state of the art and challenges forward
Radioactive substances have been widely used in many industrial sectors, e.g. nuclear power station, biomedical engineering, etc. With increasing applications of nuclear technology, more and more radioactive wastewater is being generated via different channels, which indeed is posing an emerging challenge and threat to the environment and human health. Given such a situation, this review attempts to offer a holistic view with regard to the state of the art of technology for decontamination of radioactive wastewater as well as shed lights on the challenges forward. Different from reclamation of other types of wastewaters, the most challenging issue in decontamination of radioactive wastewater is the effective stabilization and solidification of soluble radioactive nuclides present in wastewater, which are critical for final disposal. Moreover, the potential risk of human exposure to wastewater radiation needs to be carefully assessed, and this issue should also be taken into consideration in the selection, design and operation of the radioactive wastewater treatment process. These clearly differentiate the treatment principle of radioactive wastewater from those of traditional industrial and municipal wastewaters. Lastly, the challenges from the perspectives of technology development, environmental and human health impacts and possible solutions forward are also elucidated.